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Chapter 1
Matter - Its Properties and Measurement
 
 
 
Movie
Title
 Movie
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Notes
 Demonstration: Mixtures and Compounds (**)
Movie
Title
 Movie
Caption
 Ink is separated into its components by paper chromatography.
Notes
 Demonstration: Paper Chromatography of Ink (**) Chromatography is a physical process that takes advantage of the differing abilities of substances to adhere to the surface of a solid. In this demonstration, black ink is separated into its components as the solvent dissolves the different components at different rates.
1.0.3UN
Title
 01.00.03
Caption
 Scientific Method flow chart.
Notes
 This is an illustration of the scientific method. The scientific method is the combination of observation, experimentation, and the formulation of laws, hypotheses, and theories.
1.2.1UN
Title
 01.02.01
Caption
 H2O, H2O2, and gamma globulin molecular models
Notes
 A molecule of water consists of three atoms: two hydrogen atoms joined to a single oxygen atom. A molecule of hydrogen peroxide has two hydrogen atoms and two oxygen atoms; the two oxygen atoms are joined together and one hydrogen atom is attached to each oxygen atom. By contrast, a molecule of the blood protein gamma globulin is made up of 19,996 atoms altogether, but tehy are of just four types: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.
1.3
Title
 01.03 C
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 A classification scheme for matter
Notes
 This is a scheme for classifying matter into elements and compounds and homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures.
1.4
Title
 01.04 C
Caption
 Separating mixtures - composite of 4 photos
Notes
 (a) Separation of a heterogeneous mixture by filtration: Solid copper(II) sulfate is retained on the filter paper, while liquid hexane passes through. (b) Separation of a homogeneous mixture by distillation: Copper(II) sulfate remains in the flask on the left as water passes to the the flask on the right, by first evaporating and then condensing back to a liquid. (c) Separation of the components of ink using chromatography: A dark spot of black ink can be seen just above the water line as water moves up the paper. (d) Water has dissolved the colored components of the ink, and these components are retained in different regions on the paper according to their differing tendencies to adhere to the paper.
1.6a
Title
 01.06 a C
Caption
 States of matter composite - cartoon of lattice of ice packed molecules in water
Notes
 The picture shows a frozen pond with the three states of water as we perceive them macroscopically-- (a) ice (solid water), (b) liquid water, and (c) gaseous water. The circular insets show how chemists conceive of these states of matter microscopically. In ice (solid water), the structure consists of rather closely packed water molecules, each molecule consisting of one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms. In liquid water, the units are mobile water molecules. The gaseous form of water is made up of widely separated water molecules.
1.7
Title
 01.07
Caption
 A comparison of temperature scales
Notes
 (a) The melting point of ice. (b) The boiling point of water.
1.7.1UN
Title
 01.07.01
Caption
 Sidebar to be placed near Ex. 1.1
Notes
 This figure compares the SI temperature scale, called the Kelvin scale, with the Celsius (centigrade) and Fahrenheit temperature scales.
1.8
Title
 01.08
Caption
 Some metric volume units compared. The largest volume, shown in part, is the SI standard-1 cubic meter (m3). A cube with a length of 10 cm (1 dm) on edge (in blue) has a volume of 1000 cm3 (1 dm3) and is called 1 liter (1 L). The smallest cube is 1 cm on edge (red) and has a volume of 1 cm3 5 1 mL
Notes
  
1.9.1UN
Title
 01.09.01
Caption
 chemical equation for osmium
Notes
  
1.11
Title
 01.11
Caption
 Determining the number of significant figures in a quantity. The quantity shown here, 0.004004500, has seven significant figures. All nonzero digits are significant, as are the indicated zeros.
Notes
  
1.12.3P66UN
Title
 01.12.03
Caption
 an angle iron
Notes
  
1.12.5UN
Title
 01.12.05
Caption
 100ml graduated cylinders with diatomaceous earth
Notes
  
1.12.6UN
Title
 01.12.06
Caption
 3 pycnometers used to determine density: empty, H2O, and methanol
Notes
  
Table 1.1
Title
 Table 1.1
Caption
 SI Base Quantities
Notes
 Table 1.1 shows the seven fundamental quantities in the SI (International System of Units); all other physical quantities have units that can be derived from these seven.
Table 1.2
Title
 Table 1.2
Caption
 SI Prefixes
Notes
 Table 1.2 shows the prefixes that are used for the SI (International System of Units) units of measurement. SI is a decimal system. Quantities differing from the base unit by powers of ten are noted by the use of prefixes.