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Chapter 18
Additional Aspects of Acid-Base Equilibria
 
 
 
Movie
Title
 movie
Caption
 The dissociation of HCl, HNO3 and acetic acid in aqueous solution is illustrated using a single molecule of each.
Notes
 Introduction to Aqueous acids. HCl and HNO3 are strong acids. The complete dissociation of a single molecule of HCl and HNO3 is demonstrated. The partial ionization of a single molecule of acetic acid is also demonstrated in this animation.
Movie
Title
 P 710-3
Caption
 The dissociation of NaOH and the reaction of NH3 with H2O are illustrated using a single formula unit of each substance.
Notes
 Introduction to Aqueous bases. Strong and weak bases are illustrated using NaOH and NH3, respectively. The complete dissociation of a strong base is illustrated using a single formula unit of NaOH as an example. One molecule of NH3 and one molecule of H2O are used to show that NH3 is a weak base and that most of the NH3 in aqueous solution is not ionized.
Movie
Title
 P 725-3
Caption
 Red cabbage extract and tea are shown to be acid-base indicators.
Notes
 Natural indicators. The pigment in red cabbage is a good acid-base indicator. Red cabbage indicator which has been extracted into methanol is green in basic solution and red in acidic solution. Tea is also an acid-base indicator. Its color changes from brown in basic solution to yellow-orange as the solution becomes acidic.
18.1
Title
 18-1
Caption
  
Notes
 A weak acid/strong acid mixture.
18.1.1UN
Title
 P 712-1
Caption
 When a strong acid supplies the common ion H3O+, the equilibrium shifts to form more HC2H3O2
Notes
 When a strong acid supplies the common ion H3O+, the equilibrium shifts to form more HC2H3O2
18.1.2UN
Title
 P 712-1a
Caption
 When a strong base supplies the common ion OH-, the equilibrium shifts to form more NH3
Notes
 When a strong base supplies the common ion OH-, the equilibrium shifts to form more NH3
18.1.3UN
Title
 P 713-1
Caption
 When a salt supplies the common anion C2H3O2-, the quilibrium shifts to form more HC2H3O2
Notes
 When a salt supplies the common anion C2H3O2-, the quilibrium shifts to form more HC2H3O2
18.2
Title
 18-2
Caption
  
Notes
 A mixture of a weak acid and its salt.
18.3
Title
 18-3
Caption
  
Notes
 A mixture of a weak base and its salt.
18.3.1UN
Title
 P 714-1a
Caption
 When a salt supplies the common ion NH+, the equilibrium shifts to form more NH3
Notes
 When a salt supplies the common ion NH+, the equilibrium shifts to form more NH3
18.4.1C
Title
 18-4
Caption
  
Notes
 Pure water has no buffering ability.
18.5
Title
 18-5
Caption
 Buffer after the acid is added, buffer with conjugate base and acid in equal concentrations, buffer after the base is added
Notes
 Buffer after the acid is added, buffer with conjugate base and acid in equal concentrations, buffer after the base is added
18.5.1UN
Title
 P 719-1
Caption
 Select a weak acid or base with a pKa close to the desired pH
Notes
 Select a weak acid or base with a pKa close to the desired pH
18.6
Title
 18-6
Caption
 Preparation of Buffer Solutions
Notes
 Preparation of Buffer Solutions
18.7
Title
 18-7
Caption
 Stoichiometric part and equilibrium part diagram
Notes
 Stoichiometric part and equilibrium part diagram
18.7.1UN
Title
 P 724-1
Caption
 master brewer inspecting wort temperature and pH in the making of beer in a brewery
Notes
 master brewer inspecting wort temperature and pH in the making of beer in a brewery
18.81C
Title
 18-8
Caption
 pH and color changes for some common acid-base indicators
Notes
 pH and color changes for some common acid-base indicators
18.8.1UN
Title
 P 726-1
Caption
 pool maintenance worker checks pH of swimming pool water
Notes
 pool maintenance worker checks pH of swimming pool water
18.9
Title
 18-9
Caption
  
Notes
 Titration curve for the titration of a strong acid with a strong base„25.00 mL of 0.100 M HCl with 0.100 M NaOH.
18.10
Title
 18-10
Caption
 graph of pH vs volume of strong acid
Notes
 graph of pH vs volume of strong acid
18.11
Title
 18-11
Caption
  
Notes
 Titration curve for the titration of a weak acid with a strong base„25.00 mL of 0.100 M HC2H3O2 with 0.100 M NaOH.
18.12
Title
 18-12
Caption
  
Notes
 Constructing the titration curve for a weak acid with a strong base.
18.13
Title
 P 747-1d?
Caption
  
Notes
 Protonated form of alanine, neutral form of alanine, and anionic form of alanine
18.13.1UN
Title
 P 738-1
Caption
  
Notes
 Climbers reaching the summit of Mt. Everest (8848 m = 29,028 ft)
18.13.2UN
Title
 P 738-1a
Caption
 ring structure with 3 double bonds and OH, O, and COH attached to it
Notes
 ring structure with 3 double bonds and OH, O, and COH attached to it
18.13.3UN
Title
 P 744-1a
Caption
 Ball and stick model of Malonic acid
Notes
 Ball and stick model of Malonic acid
18.13.4UN
Title
 P 744-1b
Caption
 Ball and stick model of Ortho-phthalic acid
Notes
 Ball and stick model of Ortho-phthalic acid
18.13.5UN
Title
 P 747-1a
Caption
 Graph of Fractional part of total, f vs pH
Notes
 Graph of Fractional part of total, f vs pH
18.13.6UN
Title
 P 747-1b
Caption
 graph of pH vs ml of 0.216 M NaOH
Notes
 graph of pH vs ml of 0.216 M NaOH
18.13.7UN
Title
 P 747-1c
Caption
 Ball and stick model of Protonated alanine
Notes
 Ball and stick model of Protonated alanine
18.13.8UN
Title
 P 747-1d?
Caption
 Protonated form of alanine, neutral form of alanine, and anionic form of alanine
Notes
 Protonated form of alanine, neutral form of alanine, and anionic form of alanine
p 715-1a
Title
 p 715-1a
Caption
  
Notes
 flask of blue liquid
p 715-1b
Title
 p 715-1b
Caption
  
Notes
 flask of olive liquid
p 715-1c
Title
 p 715-1c
Caption
  
Notes
 flask of yellow liquid
P 725-1a
Title
 P 725-1a
Caption
  
Notes
 thymol blue (pH 8_10)
P 725-1b
Title
 P 725-1b
Caption
  
Notes
 phenol red (pH 6_8)
P 725-1c
Title
 P 725-1c
Caption
  
Notes
 methyl violet (pH 0_2)
P 732-1a
Title
 P 732-1a
Caption
  
Notes
 Titration data
Table 18.1
Title
 Table 18.1
Caption
  
Notes
 Ph and colors of acid-base indicators